The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown between the French league champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, saving crucial attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to seal a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen years.